Seasonal allergies occur when a child’s immune system overreacts to airborne substances released during specific times of the year. This reaction can trigger allergy symptoms, which may appear in the spring, summer, or fall when plants are in bloom and pollinating. Here is more information about the signs, triggers, and management options to help parents support their children through allergy season:
Allergy Symptoms
When a child has seasonal allergies, the symptoms can get persistent and uncomfortable. One sign is itchy, watery eyes, which may appear red and swollen. Sneezing is another symptom, often occurring in several successive bursts. A runny nose with thin, clear discharge is typical, accompanied by nasal congestion that can make breathing through the nose difficult. Some children also experience a sore or scratchy throat, which is usually caused by postnasal drip. An itchy nose or palate may also be present, leading the child to rub their nose frequently. These symptoms tend to appear together and last for as long as the child is exposed to the allergen.
Typical Allergens
The triggers for seasonal allergies vary depending on the time of year and geographical location. These airborne substances are generally harmless to people without allergies. The following allergens may be present:
- Pollen: Tree pollen is a major trigger in the spring. In the summer, grass pollens become more prevalent. Ragweed and other weed pollens are typical culprits in the late summer and fall.
- Mold Spores: Mold can grow in damp areas, both indoors and outdoors. Outdoor mold spore counts often rise in the warmer months, especially in humid climates or after rain.
Identifying the specific allergen affecting your child is a step toward managing their symptoms effectively. A healthcare professional can perform allergy testing to provide specific answers.
Differences From a Cold
It may be easy to confuse seasonal allergies with a cold, as they share several symptoms. There are distinct differences to look for. A cold typically lasts from a few days to two weeks and may include a fever, body aches, and a thick, yellow, or green nasal discharge. Allergies typically do not cause a fever or body aches, and the nasal discharge is usually clear and watery. Allergy symptoms will persist as long as the child is exposed to the trigger, which could be for several weeks or an entire season. The presence of itchy eyes is a strong indicator of allergies, as this symptom is not usually associated with a cold.
Practical Treatments
Managing a child’s allergy symptoms requires several different approaches. The primary goal is to alleviate their discomfort and enable them to continue with their usual activities. Doctors may use over-the-counter or prescription medications, such as antihistamines, nasal sprays, and decongestants. They use these to relieve symptoms like sneezing, itching, and congestion. Another treatment option is allergy shots, also known as immunotherapy, which involves a series of injections designed to help the child’s body become less sensitive to specific allergens over time.
Treat Your Child for Allergies
Navigating seasonal allergies in children involves recognizing symptoms, identifying triggers, and understanding available treatments. Differentiating between an allergy and a cold is a good starting point for providing the right care. With a clear management plan, your child’s allergy symptoms are manageable, helping them feel better throughout the year. If you believe your child is experiencing seasonal allergies, schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider to discuss their symptoms and determine the ideal course of action.
